Home  ›  what happened to all my jamz radio station 104.3 hd2

what happened to all my jamz radio station 104.3 hd2

Written By Sunday, 10 April 2022 Add Comment Edit

Urban gimmicky radio station in Los Angeles

Radio station in Los Angeles, California

KRRL
KRRL Real 92.3 logo.png
City Los Angeles, California
Broadcast area
  • Greater Los Angeles
  • Southern California
Frequency 92.3 MHz (HD Radio)
Branding Real 92.3
Programming
Language(due south) English language
Format Urban gimmicky
Subchannels
  • HD2: Black Data Network
  • HD3: Air1 (KTLW relay)
Affiliations
  • iHeartRadio
  • Premiere Networks
Ownership
Possessor iHeartMedia
(iHM Licenses, LLC)

Sis stations
  • KBIG
  • KEIB
  • KFI
  • KIIS-FM
  • KLAC
  • KOST
  • KSRY
  • KVVS
  • KYSR
History

Kickoff air date

 December 29, 1948
(73 years ago)  (1948-12-29)

Former call signs
  • KFAC-FM (1948–89)
  • KKBT (1989–2000)
  • KCMG (2000–01)
  • KHHT (2001–fifteen)

Former frequencies

 104.3 MHz (1948–54)

Phone call sign meaning

 ReaL
Technical information

Licensing authority

 FCC
Facility ID 35022
Course B
ERP 43,000 watts
HAAT 887 meters (two,910 ft)

Transmitter coordinates

 34°xiii′36″N 118°iii′57″W  /  34.22667°N 118.06583°Due west  / 34.22667; -118.06583
Translator(s) HD3: 100.7 K264AF (Guasti)
Links

Public license data

Contour
LMS
Webcast Listen live (via iHeartRadio)
Website real923la.iheart.com

KRRL (92.3 FM) – branded Real 92.iii – is a commercial urban gimmicky radio station licensed to Los Angeles, California, serving much of the Greater Los Angeles expanse. Owned past iHeartMedia, KRRL serves equally the flagship for Big Boy's Neighborhood. The KRRL studios are located in the Los Angeles suburb of Burbank, while the station transmitter resides on Mount Wilson. Besides a standard analog manual, KRRL broadcasts over 3 HD Radio channels, and is available online via iHeartRadio.

History [edit]

KFAC-FM [edit]

Main article: KWKW

The station first signed on the air on December 29, 1948, as KFAC-FM, the FM adjunct to KFAC.[one] First owned by Errett Lobban String, a luxury vehicle manufacturer who purchased KFAC in 1931 from the Bible Institute of Los Angeles,[2] [iii] KFAC became ane of the first commercially operated radio stations in the United States to prefer a full-time fine arts/classical music format, having gradually added long-form programming devoted to the genre betwixt 1938 and 1945.[iv] The station'southward longest-running plan, the 6-night-a-week Gas Company Evening Concert, would enjoy a run on both KFAC—and subsequently it and KFAC-FM—betwixt October 1940[5] and September 1989.[six] KFAC also slowly assembled an airstaff with unprecedented continuity and tenure, including, merely not express to: Thomas Cassidy,[7] Fred Crane,[8] Tom Dixon,[9] Dick Crawford,[10] Neb Carlson[11] and Carl Princi,[12] all half-dozen of which would be continuously employed past the station between 1953 and 1983.[thirteen]

At the time KFAC-FM was established, it generally simulcast KFAC's programming, merely began to deviate from this to participate in a series of pseudo-stereo concert broadcasts with KFAC from the Hollywood Bowl Amphitheatre, starting in 1953. KFAC was fed the sound from a microphone pointed at one end of the Bowl, and KFAC-FM the audio from a microphone at the other cease of the Basin. Originally based at the transmitter site for KFAC in Los Angeles' Crenshaw district and operated at 104.3 MHz,[fourteen] the station moved to 92.3 MHz and the transmitter was moved to the meridian of Mount Wilson, both in July 1954,[15] and was officially defended during a pseudo-stereo concert broadcast from the Basin.[16] Because KFAC-FM made this move to Mount Wilson prior to the FCC enacting limits for ability output by FM stations in 1962, it is formally classified as a "Superpower" FM by operating at a maximum ability level, merely with the antenna being placed well above the superlative limit.[17] These pseudo-stereo broadcasts were offered over both stations for 12 hours each week over the next decade, catastrophe afterward KFAC-FM converted to a multiplexed bespeak in 1964.[xviii]

Eastward.50. Cord sold KFAC and KFAC-FM to Cleveland Dissemination Incorporated, founded by old Cleveland, Ohio mayor Ray T. Miller, for a combined $2 million. Miller founded WERE and WERE-FM in Cleveland, and as well owned WLEC and WLEC-FM in Sandusky, Ohio, and pledged to maintain KFAC's classical format.[nineteen] After Miller'southward 1966 death,[twenty] the visitor was sold 2 years later to Atlantic States Industries, a McGarven-Guild Radio subsidiary, for a combined $9 million.[21] A waiver was requested to keep both KFAC and KFAC-FM nether common ownership due to an interim policy proposed by the FCC which would have prohibited it;[22] after a public on-air solicitation of back up from listeners yielded fifteen,000 letters,[23] [24] the waiver was granted, and the deal was approved in Oct 1969.[25]

KFAC and KFAC-FM ended their full-fourth dimension simulcast on January 17, 1972; while both kept the same format and same airstaffs, KFAC-FM utilized a deeper playlist and broader spectrum of selections, while KFAC focused on more familiar selections and melodies, aiming to concenter younger listeners.[26] Both stations withal simulcast core programming similar Evening Concert, Luncheon at the Lincoln Center, and Continental Classics.[27] The KFAC Listeners' Guild was established in 1970 supported by an annual $3 membership fee, providing listeners a chance to provide directly feedback to the station and its operations,[28] it boasted over 11,000 members after the commencement year.[29] [thirty]

An ownership transfer in 1986 attracted controversy after most of the tenured airstaff was dismissed on Dec 31, 1986.[31] [32] When KFAC was sold to Lotus Communications every bit the new home of KWKW (1300 AM) for $8.7 million on July 15, 1988,[33] [34] merely five percent of KFAC and KFAC-FM's total audience listened to the AM frequency; the but departure between both stations was the Brian Clewer-hosted Carper'due south Selection that aired solely on KFAC.[35] Days before that bargain closed, on January xv, 1989, KFAC-FM was sold to Evergreen Media for $55 one thousand thousand,[36] setting a record for the most expensive auction of a classical music outlet in the United States.[37]

Despite Evergreen head Scott Ginsberg telling Radio & Records that KFAC-FM's format would remain in place,[38] manufacture assay warned a format change would occur because of the debt incurred in purchasing the station.[37] [39] Speculation began to accelerate when KFAC-FM dropped format in early on July—for only a few minutes—to carry part of a Rolling Stones press briefing,[40] then Evergreen took responsibility for a cryptic billboard taken on Sunset Boulevard reading, "Pirate Radio, KLSX, KLOS: Go Fix to Motion Over and Permit the Big Dogs Eat!"[41] Jim de Castro, who was appointed as KFAC's general director from Evergreen'south WLUP in Chicago,[42] later admitted he won free use of that billboard for a calendar month as the result of a golf bet.[43] Finally, Evergreen announced the donation of KFAC and KFAC-FM'southward music library, with roots dating dorsum to the early 1940s and appraised at $1.8 1000000,[44] to KUSC; Stanford Academy and the Los Angeles Public Library acquired KFAC'south compact disc library, the majority of titles KUSC already held.[44] KUSC was also presented with a $35,000 cheque and the rights to the KFAC calls,[45] those would later exist placed on a KUSC repeater in Santa Barbara.[46] [47]

KFAC's demise attracted local and national attention, in part due to the longevity of the format and its presence in the nation's second largest radio market place. A New York Times profile printed on the day of its format change labeled KFAC "a staple of Los Angeles'south cultural life for 58 years" and that its switch was "a sign of the times and perhaps of things to come as American cultural tastes evolve."[48] Competing radio stations KPFK and KCRW both aired tribute programming to KFAC,[49] [fifty] and Mount Wilson FM Broadcasters' KKGO-FM announced that it would switch formats to classical in January 1990, with KKGO-FM's existing jazz format moving to KKGO (540 AM).[51] KFAC'southward John Santana was hired past KKGO as a host,[52] and revived the Gas Visitor Evening Concert the following March, with onetime KFAC announcer Tom Dixon as host.[53] Meanwhile, Evergreen tried to capitalize on the attention the week of KFAC's switch past running boob tube ads locally on L.A. Constabulary, the 1989 MTV Moving picture Awards, and The Arsenio Hall Evidence teasing the "new" format.[42]

An outdoor event was staged outside of KFAC's studios (at the onetime Villa Capri eating house on Hollywood's Yucca Street[54] [55]) at noon on September twenty, 1989, to commemorate the finish of the classical format; this was simulcast on KUSC, which—along with KFSD in San Diego[56]—had placed advertising promoting themselves on KFAC. The hour began with Jim de Castro ceremoniously "passing a baton" to KUSC general managing director Wallace Smith, then after a partially improvised good day message from Rich Capparela,[57] the hour concluded with KFAC-FM's final classical option: Haydn'due south "Farewell" Symphony.[45] Afterwards a moment of silence led by de Castro, the air signal switched to a heartbeat sound outcome,[58] while television monitors outside the studios started playing the television advertising proclaiming the new format, accompanied by a skywriter scripting in the skies above "Information technology's Live. FM-92", simply all reporters in omnipresence wound upward focusing on KFAC instead.[42]

KKBT [edit]

The on-air heartbeat sound stunting would continue for the next 23 hours, interspersed with cursory snippets of rock songs,[42] ahead of the debut of KKBT the next day (September 21, 1989). Branded "The New FM 92 The Crush", the station offered a blend of adult stone, dance music, and adult gimmicky. The offset song under the new format was "Walk on the Wild Side" past Lou Reed.[57] [59] Yet, the format failed in the ratings; in the Winter 1990 ratings report for the market, KKBT was ranked 8th 12+, 10th in the 25-54 twelvemonth-old age demographic, and 15th in overall cume.[60] [61] After less than five months, on February 3, 1990, the station switched to rhythmic developed contemporary, while maintaining the "FM 92 The Beat" branding.[62] With the modify, KKBT entered into direct format competition with KDAY, KJLH, KACE, and KGFJ, although KKBT focused more on soul music/rhythm and dejection selections.[63] While the station attracted criticism for its aggressive on-air tactics, KKBT'southward ratings rose significantly after the switch;[63] past the summer of that yr, it evolved to a strictly urban AC format.[64] Past 1991, rap and hip-hop were being mixed in, and the station evolved to an urban contemporary format as "92.3 The Beat out".[65]

As an urban contemporary station, KKBT hit #one a few times in the ratings, and competed aggressively with a hip-hop station on the 105.9 frequency, KPWR. During its tenure as "The Crush", the station featured many popular and legendary DJs who came from stations like KPWR, KMEL, WQHT, KIIS-FM, and KDAY, like John London and The House Party (a popular morning time show which competed with other top local shows such as Mark and Brian on KLOS and Rick Dees on KIIS), Diana Steele, Theodore "Theo" Mizuhara, Eric Cubiche, Nautica De La Cruz, P.J. Butta, NWA'south founder Dr. Dre and the Globe Class Wreckin' Cru, Ron "Large Ron" O'Brien, John "Large John" Monds, Kevin "Slow Jammin'" James, and Kevin Nash. Other shows included Westside Radio, a weekly radio program dedicated to West Coast Hip-Hop (now airing on KDAY), and Street Soldiers, a weekly program dedicated to community problems and politics. The station went by the slogan "No Color Lines", proudly championing the diversity of the region. Information technology is believed that KKBT was inspired by KMEL and KDAY. During the 1990s, the station held a summertime concert known as "Summer Jam", which featured major Hip-hop and R&B stars who performed at the Irvine Meadows Amphitheatre. In February 1996, sis station WYNY in New York City simulcasted KKBT for a day as part of a calendar week-long stunt of simulcasting sister stations nationwide before changing formats to rhythmic developed contemporary as WKTU.

In a group deal in 1997, Evergreen merged with Chancellor. Chancellor acquired stations from other groups that exited the market. In 1999, Chancellor merged with Capstar and the company became AMFM, Incorporated.

KCMG [edit]

In the fall of 1999, Articulate Channel Communications and AMFM, Inc. merged. This gave Clear Channel v FM stations in Los Angeles and KIIS, which Clear Channel already endemic. However, in club to get under the regime-mandated market buying limits, some stations were required to be spun off; in Los Angeles, one of the full-powered FMs had to go. KKBT'due south was the station chosen; information technology was sold to Radio One. All the same, Articulate Aqueduct wanted to keep the best possible signal, and gave Radio One 100.3 FM. Leading upward to the frequency swap, rumors swirled most whether 100.3's format would survive the movement to 92.three FM. Existence that 100.3 was going to an African-American owned company known for urban formats, it seemed that "The Beat out" would likely move to 100.3 intact. Much speculation led to 92.3 going active rock, perchance with the KMET calls. When the switch was fabricated at 5 p.thousand. on June 30, 2000, the formats and telephone call messages did come along for the ride, with 92.3 becoming KCMG, "Mega 92.iii", and 100.three becoming KKBT, "100.3 The Beat".[66] [67] [68]

KHHT [edit]

The station, now called "Mega 92.iii", continued playing rhythmic oldies. On August nine, 2001, KCMG changed its telephone call letters to KHHT, re-branded as "Hot 92.3", and shifted to more of an urban AC format.[69] However, KHHT was not a typical urban Ac station; this station was one of the first urban AC's to play more than old school/classic soul, the more mainstream-level R&B (barely-to-non playing neo-soul at all) and some rhythmic and Latino popular/R&B songs to cater to the Hispanic and Asian audiences that listen to R&B music in particular. In this mode, KHHT'south playlist structure was the inspiration for other urban AC markets in the western half of the U.S. such as sister stations in KISQ San Francisco, KSYU Albuquerque, and KHYL Sacramento.[70]

KHHT was one of iii urban ACs serving the Los Angeles market; the others were KRBV (formerly KKBT, which changed from R&B/hip-hop in May 2006, but was sold by Radio One to Bonneville International in Apr 2008), and KJLH, whose signal is not full-power and barely penetrates the San Fernando Valley. In July 2006, it was announced that Art Laboe, a legendary oldies DJ in Los Angeles, would expand his syndicated bear witness from weekend to weekdays, with KHHT as the flagship station. Laboe'south move was interpreted as an attempt to expand the station's Hispanic audition equally it competed with KRBV and KJLH, both of which were African-American owned, operated and targeting stations (only KJLH remains Black-owned).

Still, by 2008, it became apparent that the over-saturation of Adult R&B stations in Los Angeles had made it difficult for 3 outlets to compete for the same audience. As a result of this, KHHT began to shift directions from an urban Air-conditioning management to rhythmic hot Ac, allowing it to focus more than on the Hispanic and Asian audience, and opened up its playlist to include current rhythmic hits. This move too opened up a new boxing in the Los Angeles radio war, which found KHHT taking on another rhythmic AC, KMVN, whose direction was more focused on recurrents from the 1970s and 1980s, which also explained KHHT's decision to add together currents to its playlist. KHHT's sis station KBIG-FM once had a rhythmic Air conditioning direction before shifting dorsum to Hot AC in September 2007. The Apr 2008 sale/format change of KRBV would have resulted in further tweakings at KHHT, but due to Arbitron's implementation of the Portable People Meter in the Los Angeles radio market and a move by its sis stations to adjust their formats to attract sure demos, KHHT decided to continue concentrating on alluring their Hispanic demos, where they feel more comfortable.[71]

As of April 2009, KHHT once over again became the only rhythmic adult contemporary in the market, as KMVN made a format change to Spanish. This movement prompted KHHT to further adjust its musical management past adding more Disco and Freestyle tracks to its electric current format as a way to attract the displaced KMVN listeners, and past June 2009, it showed an increase in the PPM ratings after information technology began to further tweak its option more to slightly favor currents and less favor old schoolhouse tracks. These latest changes at KHHT led to hints that it was moving towards adopting a current upbeat (and dance-leaning) formula patterned after sister stations WKTU/New York Metropolis, WMIA-FM/Miami, and WISX/Philadelphia. All iii stations saw good ratings numbers with this formula.

In November 2010, KHHT tweaked its direction again, shifting to a Gold-based rhythmic Air conditioning approach and reducing the number of currents. Although it may have had elements of the former KCMG, KHHT had not tilted all the way dorsum to rhythmic oldies or urban AC as most of the music was in line with other soft-leaning rhythmic adult contemporary outlets in nature.

In April 2011, KHHT fired morning time host Victor Zaragoza (at present at KBLX San Francisco). On April 20, the station announced that it would rent Rick Dees, who had hosted morn shows at sister station KIIS-FM and KMVN. At that fourth dimension, the station dropped the "and R&B" from its slogan (to distance itself from playing current R&B or adult R&B production), effectively making KHHT a full-blown Aureate-based rhythmic Air conditioning, with emphasis on rhythmic, disco, freestyle, and R&B hits from the 1970s, 80s, 90s, and 2000s. This same approach was also being used at sis stations KHJZ/Honolulu, KFBT/Fresno and WMOV-FM/Norfolk, Virginia, which are targeting Gen-Xers and concentrate on the latter two decades and play some currents in their presentation. Presently after Dees arrived, KHHT shifted its format to a hybrid of rhythmic oldies and urban oldies, focusing mostly on urban rhythmic hits from 1970 to the late 1990s, with some soul hits from the 1960s sprinkled into the mix. Nonetheless, on July 3, 2012, a yr afterwards making a return to morning drive, Dees parted ways with KHHT due to a desire by station management to make some adjustments in its direction.[72]

KRRL [edit]

On February 5, 2015, iHeartMedia announced information technology was changing KHHT dorsum to urban contemporary the following forenoon.[73] The announcement came simply a day afterward KHHT'southward HD3 sub-channel launched with Air 1 and just a few hours after KPWR'south morning time host Big Boy appear he would leave KPWR for KHHT. (Since so, he was served a lawsuit by KPWR's parent company Emmis Communications for alienation of contract, thus preventing him from joining the station until his contract or his injunction was lifted; he would join the station on March 9.)[74] Another reason for the change was the station'due south poor ratings performance; KHHT was ranked 14th in the market with a 2.5 share in the January 2015 PPM Nielsen radio ratings.[75] The unabridged "Hot" airstaff was released (including Fine art Laboe, who would afterwards finish up on KDAY) on the same day as the announcement, as KHHT began promoting a "major announcement" at 9:23 a.m. the following morning time, and running a "300 Greatest Hot Songs of All Fourth dimension" inaugural set up to conclude at that fourth dimension.

At the promised time, after playing "My Daughter" by The Temptations (the number ane song in the aforementioned countdown) and "End of the Road" by Boyz Two Men, KHHT inverse dorsum to urban, branded every bit "Real 92.three", launching with "10,000 joints in a row", beginning with "Only" and "Truffle Butter", both by Nicki Minaj.[76] The alter put 92.3 back in direct contest with KPWR and returned the urban format to the 92.3 FM frequency for the first time since the 2000 format swap with 100.three FM. The modify also returns the urban format to the market for the first time since 2006, when KKBT changed to urban Air conditioning as KRBV. On Feb 20, 2015, KHHT changed its call letters to KRRL to match the "Existent" moniker.

As of Baronial 2018, the American cable channel FM now carries an edited video simulcast of the station'due south morning evidence, Big Male child's Neighborhood, weeknights and mornings.

HD Radio [edit]

The HD2 subchannel carries an all-news radio format, utilizing programming from the Black Information Network.[77] The HD3 subchannel relays KTLW in Lancaster, which carries Educational Media Foundation's Air1 format; the subchannel acts equally a programming source to a network of analog translators throughout the southern portion of Los Angeles and Orange Counties.

Awards [edit]

The station was i of ten stations awarded the 2007 Crystal Radio Laurels for public service awarded by the National Association of Broadcasters.[78] Winners were honored at the Radio Luncheon on April 17, 2007, during the NAB Show in Las Vegas, Nevada.

In popular culture [edit]

Music [edit]

  • In Tupac Shakur's song "To Live & Die in L.A." (released nether the phase name Makaveli and featuring Val Immature), he says, "...This become out for 92.3 and 106. All the radio stations that be bumping my shit. Making my shit sells katruple quitraple platinum..." The station is mentioned aslope KPWR and KDAY.
  • Eminem did freestyles at KRRL in 1998 that defenseless the attention of Dr. Dre.[79]

References [edit]

  1. ^ Dissemination Yearbook 1950 (PDF). Broadcasting. 1950. p. 83.
  2. ^ "O.R. Fuller, Auburn-Fuller Co., Pioneer Commercial Automobile Co., White Auto Co., KFVD, KFAC, Los Angeles, Pioneer Truck and Transfer Co., Auburn California Co., Auburn Automobile Sales Co. California Branch, Olive Ransome Fuller, Motor Transit Co. - CoachBuilt.com". world wide web.coachbuilt.com . Retrieved 2020-01-09 .
  3. ^ FCC History Cards for KWKW
  4. ^ Lax, Cecille (January–February 1979). "NEWS & VIEWS" (PDF). The KFAC Listeners Social club Magazine. p. fourteen. Retrieved January 10, 2020.
  5. ^ Corbett, Noel (November 5, 1940). "Valley Radio-Voices". San Fernando Valley Times. p. 3. Retrieved Jan 11, 2020.
  6. ^ "Commemorating - fifth Anniversary of Your Gas Company'southward "Evening Concert": Advertisement". Los Angeles Times. October 21, 1945. Retrieved January ix, 2020.
  7. ^ "PASSINGS: Thomas Cassidy, Valerie Eliot". Los Angeles Times. November xiii, 2012. Retrieved January 10, 2020.
  8. ^ McLellan, Dennis (2008-08-24). "Fred Crane, radio announcer, actor, at ninety". Boston.com . Retrieved 2020-01-11 .
  9. ^ McLellan, Dennis (April 1, 2010). "Tom Dixon dies at 94; L.A. radio's voice of classical music for over 50 years". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved January 12, 2020.
  10. ^ Princi, Carl (January–February 1979). "Message from the Part of Community Involvement" (PDF). The KFAC Listeners Guild Magazine. pp. 4, viii, 56. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
  11. ^ "Bill Carlson; Classical Music Announcer at KFAC". Los Angeles Times. December 22, 1999. Retrieved January 14, 2020.
  12. ^ Folkart, Burt A. (May 5, 1992). "Carl Princi, 71; Vocalism of Opera on Fifty.A. Radio". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved Jan 12, 2020.
  13. ^ "Classical dimension" (PDF). Broadcasting. January 2, 1984. p. 76. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
  14. ^ FCC History Cards for KRRL
  15. ^ "KFAC Will Motion, Increase Coverage". Los Angeles Times. July xiii, 1954. p. 5. Retrieved January 11, 2020.
  16. ^ "Tonight: Hear Your Gas Company's Evening Concert Direct from Hollywood Basin - Advertisement". Los Angeles Times. July xv, 1954. p. 28. Retrieved January 11, 2020.
  17. ^ "Superpower FMs". www.w9wi.com . Retrieved January xi, 2020.
  18. ^ Tiegel, Eliot (January 4, 1964). "Loyalty, Dedication, Music Give Classics Strong Pulse" (PDF). Billboard. p. 25. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
  19. ^ "KFAC-AM-FM bought by Miller group" (PDF). Broadcasting. August 20, 1962. p. 66. Retrieved December 18, 2019.
  20. ^ "Ray T. Miller Sr. Is Dead at 73". The Evidently Dealer. July fourteen, 1966. pp. 1, 8.
  21. ^ "Airtight Excursion: Group transfer" (PDF). Broadcasting. May 27, 2019. p. five. Retrieved December xviii, 2019.
  22. ^ "An Urgent Message to the Friends of KFAC: Advertisement". The Los Angeles Times. January 19, 1969. Retrieved January 10, 2020.
  23. ^ "Public at odds with 1-to-client: KFAC ad campaign prompts 3,000 messages for mutual ownership in stations' sale" (PDF). Broadcasting. January 27, 1969. p. 30. Retrieved December 18, 2019.
  24. ^ Perlee, Charles D. (February nine, 1969). "500 Expanse Listeners Back KFAC". The San Bernardino Canton Sun. p. C-10. Retrieved January 10, 2020.
  25. ^ "Station-auction cake hot at FCC: WDBJ spin-offs, WERE-AM-FM, WALA-Boob tube are among fourteen transactions canonical by commission" (PDF). Broadcasting. November 3, 1969. pp. 42, 44. Retrieved December eighteen, 2019.
  26. ^ Paik, Felicia (July 22, 1989). "THE ROOTS OF KFAC". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved January 12, 2020.
  27. ^ "KFAC AM-FM Change" (PDF). Billboard. January 29, 1972. pp. 24, 28. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
  28. ^ Tiegel, Eliot (January 16, 1971). "KFAC Acts to Boost Classical" (PDF). Billboard. pp. 1, 13. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
  29. ^ Sippel, John (June 12, 1971). "Classical Outlet Woos Listeners" (PDF). Billboard. pp. 30, 42. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
  30. ^ "Special Report: Radio '71" (PDF). Broadcasting. June 21, 1971. p. 72. Retrieved Jan 12, 2020.
  31. ^ McDougal, Dennis; Margulies, Lee (January 7, 1987). "STAFF VETERANS REPLACED : NEW OWNER CLEANS HOUSE AT KFAC". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved January ten, 2020.
  32. ^ "R&R Street Talk" (PDF). Radio & Records. Jan 9, 1987. p. 21. Retrieved January 10, 2020.
  33. ^ "For the Record: Changing Hands" (PDF). Broadcasting. July 18, 1988. p. 73. Retrieved Jan 12, 2020.
  34. ^ "For the Record: Ownership Changes" (PDF). Broadcasting. August 29, 1988. p. 68. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
  35. ^ Valle, Victor (January 3, 1989). "The Lord's day Threatens to Set up on British Radio Comedy". Los Angeles Times. pp. 2, 5. Retrieved January 10, 2020.
  36. ^ Sandoval, Rick (January eighteen, 1989). "L.A. classical music station sells for $63.seven million". UPI . Retrieved 2020-01-ten .
  37. ^ a b Sánchez, Jesús (January 19, 1989). "Dallas Firm To Acquire KFAC-FM". Los Angeles Times. p. two. Retrieved Jan 10, 2020.
  38. ^ "Evergreen Buys KFAC For $55 Million" (PDF). Radio & Records. Jan xx, 1989. pp. 10, 28. Retrieved Jan x, 2020.
  39. ^ Jeremy Gerard (October xvi, 1989). "THE MEDIA BUSINESS; Classical Stations Do Their Best To Survive". The New York Times . Retrieved August 23, 2011.
  40. ^ Puig, Claudia (July 22, 1989). "KFAC to Face the Music—but Information technology May Not Be Classical". Los Angeles Times. pp. one, eight, 9. Retrieved January 10, 2020.
  41. ^ "A New Radio Mystery". Los Angeles Times. August 11, 1989. p. 21. Retrieved January 10, 2020.
  42. ^ a b c d Puig, Claudia (October viii, 1989). "Music to Someone's Ears : How demographics transformed classical radio station KFAC into big-crush KKBT". Los Angeles Times. pp. 8, 80, 81. Retrieved January 15, 2020.
  43. ^ "KFAC Rockin' The Dogs" (PDF). Radio & Records. Baronial 11, 1989. p. one. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
  44. ^ a b Puig, Claudia; McQuilkin, Terry (August 24, 1989). "KFAC Parcels Out Classical Library". Los Angeles Times. pp. V1, V4-V5. Retrieved January 13, 2020.
  45. ^ a b Puig, Claudia (September 20, 1989). "Flit Ends at KFAC as New Crew Gears Upwards for Stone". Los Angeles Times. p. iv. Retrieved January 10, 2020.
  46. ^ "Directory of Radio Stations in the Usa and Canada" (PDF). The Broadcasting Yearbook. Dissemination Publications Inc. 1991. p. B-46. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
  47. ^ "Directory of Radio Stations in the United states of america" (PDF). Broadcasting & Cable Yearbook. New Providence, New Bailiwick of jersey: R.R. Bowker. 2005. p. D-96. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
  48. ^ Mydans, Seth; Special To the New York Times (September 20, 1989). "Los Angeles Journal; In a Quest For Profit, Beethoven Is Ousted". The New York Times. p. A16. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 10, 2020.
  49. ^ Wagoner, Richard (September 15, 1989). "Classical station KFAC-FM takes final bow Wednesday". The Daily Cakewalk/News-Airplane pilot. p. E-15. Retrieved January 10, 2020.
  50. ^ "First Off..." Los Angeles Times. July 19, 1989. p. 2. Retrieved January 10, 2020.
  51. ^ Wagoner, Richard (July 28, 1989). "Changes likely at KFAC, simply new owners remain mum". San Pedro News-Pilot. pp. E8-E14. Retrieved January xiii, 2020.
  52. ^ Pasles, Chris (September 21, 1989). "KFAC Refugees Await for a New Place to Telephone call Home on Radio Dial". Los Angeles Times. pp. V10–V11. Retrieved January 15, 2020.
  53. ^ Puig, Claudia (January xxx, 1990). "Gas Company Prove to Return". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved January eighteen, 2020.
  54. ^ "Villa Capri". Former Fifty.A. Restaurants. oldlarestaurants.com. September 4, 2012. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
  55. ^ Nudelman, Robert W. (February 1, 2005). "This letter is in response to the two CEQA Negative Declarations (Neg.Dec.) filed concerning the project proposed for 6735 Yucca Street in Hollywood". Hollywood Heritage, Inc. www.hollywoodheritage.com. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
  56. ^ "Other Stations Move to Fill Classical Void". Los Angeles Times. September 21, 1989. p. 11. Retrieved January 11, 2020.
  57. ^ a b "First Off..." Los Angeles Times. September 21, 1989. p. 2. Retrieved January 10, 2020.
  58. ^ "KFAC Signs-Off". Format Change Archive. RadioBB Networks. September 20, 1989. Retrieved January ten, 2020.
  59. ^ "The Beat Goes On: KFAC Becomes KKBT" (PDF). Radio & Records. September 22, 1989. pp. 1, 31. Retrieved Jan 10, 2020.
  60. ^ Puig, Claudia (March vii, 1990). "Blackness Radio Comes In Loud and Clear : Music: 'Urban gimmicky' is a leading format in cities throughout the country". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved January xx, 2020.
  61. ^ https://world wide web.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Ratings-Directories/RR-1991-i.pdf[ bare URL PDF ]
  62. ^ "The Beat Goes On To Developed Urban: New Airstaff To Exist Named" (PDF). Radio & Records. February 9, 1990. pp. 3, 32. Retrieved January twenty, 2020.
  63. ^ a b Shiver, Jr., Jube; Robinson, David (August viii, 1990). "Charting the Rise of 'Urban Contemporary' : Radio: KKBT's new format has launched information technology into Southern California's Top x. Some say the station'due south success foreshadows an extensive market realignment". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved January 20, 2020.
  64. ^ KKBT 92.3 The Crush Los Angeles - Big Ron O'Brien - November 24 1990, archived from the original on 2021-12-13, retrieved 2020-01-twenty
  65. ^ KKBT 92.3 The Beat Los Angeles - John Monds - 1991, archived from the original on 2021-12-xiii, retrieved 2020-01-xx
  66. ^ http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-RandR/2000s/2000/RR-2000-06-30.pdf[ bare URL PDF ]
  67. ^ "92.iii The Beat Becomes Mega 92.3". Format Change Archive. 2000-06-30. Retrieved 2021-06-29 .
  68. ^ "Mega 100.iii Becomes 100.iii The Vanquish". Format Change Archive. 2000-06-30. Retrieved 2021-06-29 .
  69. ^ http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Annal-RandR/2000s/2001/RR-2001-08-17.pdf[ blank URL PDF ]
  70. ^ "Archived copy". web.yeah.com. Archived from the original on fifteen July 2012. Retrieved ii Feb 2022. {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as championship (link)
  71. ^ Radio will get meter readings From Los Angeles Times (August 12, 2008)
  72. ^ "Rick Dees Out At Hot 92.iii Los Angeles" from Radio Insight (July 3, 2012)
  73. ^ "Existent 92.3 Los Angeles Launches With Total Aim On Power 106". RadioInsight. 2015-02-06. Retrieved 2020-01-17 .
  74. ^ "iHeart DJ Large Boy Settles Feud with Sometime Neighborhood". TMZ . Retrieved 2020-01-17 .
  75. ^ "Emmis And Big Boy Come up To Legal Settlement". RadioInsight. 2016-01-20. Retrieved 2020-01-17 .
  76. ^ "KHHT Becomes Real 92.3" from Format Change (February 6, 2015)
  77. ^ "IHeartMedia to Launch BIN: Black Information Network on Radio, Digital Channels". xxx June 2020.
  78. ^ "NAB Announces Crystal Radio Awards Winners". National Association of Broadcasters. 2007-04-17. Archived from the original on 2015-eleven-07. Retrieved 2020-02-11 .
  79. ^ Video on YouTube

External links [edit]

  • FCC History Cards for KRRL
  • Official website
  • KRRL in the FCC FM station database
  • KRRL on Radio-Locator
  • KRRL in Nielsen Audio's FM station database
FM Translator
  • K264AF in the FCC FM station database
  • K264AF on Radio-Locator

rectorhomelly.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KRRL

0 Response to "what happened to all my jamz radio station 104.3 hd2"

Post a Comment

Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)

Iklan Atas Artikel

Iklan Tengah Artikel 1

Iklan Tengah Artikel 2

Iklan Bawah Artikel